In Australia, mining companies have scaled back earnings projections because of a lack of workers, and there are about 100,000 job openings in hospitality alone. In Britain, where Brexit has crimped access to immigrants from Europe, a survey of 5,700 companies in June found that 70% had struggled to hire new employees.
Butchers, drivers, mechanics, nurses and restaurant staff - all over the developed world, there did not seem to be enough workers. When it came time to reopen, fewer people appeared to care about whether immigration levels were reduced, as a poll in Britain showed earlier this year. “Across the OECD, you saw countries treat the immigrant population in the same way as the rest of the population,” Dumont said. Humanitarian concerns seemed to combine with administrative uncertainty: How would immigration rules be enforced during a once-in-a-century epidemic? How would companies and employees survive? These moves - listed in a new OECD report on the global migration outlook - amounted to early warnings of labor market desperation. In Japan, a swiftly graying country that has traditionally resisted immigration, the government allowed temporary workers to change employers and maintain their status.
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Some countries, such as New Zealand, also extended temporary work visas indefinitely, while Germany, with its new Immigration Act, accelerated the recognition process for foreign professional qualifications. Many countries, including Belgium, Finland and Greece, granted work rights to foreigners who had arrived on student or other visas. And it led to a general easing of the rules on work for foreigners who had already moved. It created more competition for “digital nomads” as more than 30 nations, including Barbados, Croatia and the United Arab Emirates, created programs to attract mobile technology workers. The pandemic has led to several major changes in global mobility. “Countries have had to realize the importance of migration and immigrants.” “COVID is an accelerator of change,” said Jean-Christophe Dumont, the head of international migration research for the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, or OECD. Still, many developed nations are building more generous, efficient and sophisticated programs to bring in foreigners and help them become a permanent part of their societies. In the United States, immigration policy remains mostly stuck in place, with a focus on the Mexican border, where migrant detentions have reached a record high.
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European governments remain divided on how to handle new waves of asylum-seekers. New approaches to that mismatch could influence the worldwide debate over immigration. By keeping so many people in place, the pandemic has made humanity’s demographic imbalance more obvious - rapidly aging rich nations produce too few new workers, while countries with a surplus of young people often lack work for all. COVID disruptions have pushed many people to retire, resign or just not return to work.
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